Lampbrush chromosomes are the largest known chromosomes found in the yolk rich oocytic nuclei of certain vertebrates such as fishes, amphibians, reptiles and birds.
They can be seen with naked eye and are characterized by fine lateral loops, arising from the chromomeres, during first prophase (diplotene) of meiosis.
These loops give it a brush-like appearance; that is why these are called lampbrush chromosomes first discovered by Flemming in 1882 and were described in shark oocytes by Ruckert (1892). Lampbrush chromosomes of certain urodele oocytes may reach upto 5900µ in length.
It consists of longitudinal axis formed by a single DNA molecule along which several hundred bead-like chromomeres are distributed in a linear fashion. From each chromomere there emerge two symmetrical lateral loops (one for each chromatid), which are able to expand or contract in response to various environmental conditions.

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- Explanation on POLYTENE CHROMOSOMES:-
https://youtu.be/SPi8upvNHJM
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