Anaphylactic shock nursing review of the treatment, signs and symptoms, nursing interventions for anaphylaxis and anaphylactoid shock reactions.

Anaphylactic shock occurs when an allergen causes the mast cells or basophils to release massive amount of histamine and other mediators system-wide. This leads to a decrease in tissue perfusion to cells.

The release of histamine causes vasodilation, increased capillary permeability, bronchoconstriction, increased gastric secretions and smooth muscle contraction.

Signs and symptoms of anaphylactic shock include: difficulty breathing, inability to speak, swelling, wheezing, runny nose, watery eyes, hypotension, increased heart rate, itchy skin, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting etc.

Treatment and nursing interventions for anaphylactic shock include: removing the allergen, administering epinephrine, placing the patient in the supine position with the leg elevated, education etc.

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