Victor Vroom and his colleagues at Yale University developed participative decision-making models that integrate leadership and decision-making processes. It is called normative because the model tells users which style to use for their situation. There are actually two versions of the model called time-driven and development-driven based on the decision being made.

It also has seven questions to answer to select one of five leadership styles Vroom calls decide, consult individual, consult group, facilitate, and delegate. The normative leadership model is popular in the academic community because it is based on research with more than 100,000 managers. Vroom now has an electronic model. However, the model is not very popular with managers, who find it cumbersome.