In a paradox situation, we are required to balance tensions across various courses of action. There is a constant process of finding a balancing point, a dynamic equilibrium, among shifting priorities over time. Essentially, all management is dealing with constant change and adaptation. Several key paradoxes have been identified. Learning is a paradox because it requires building on the past while rejecting it at the same time.

Organizing is a paradox because it calls for setting direction and leading while requiring empowerment and flexibility. And finally, belonging is a paradox between establishing a sense of collective identity and acknowledging our desire to be recognized and accepted as unique individuals. Managers can learn a few lessons from paradox theory, which states that the key paradox in management is that there is no final optimal status for an organization. Managers who recognize the importance of balancing paradoxical factors are more effective.