A cooling tower is a heat rejection device. it operates on the principle of evaporative cooling.
Air enters the tower from the louvers, during its motion upward, a contact between it and the down movement of water take place inside the fill material. air then leaves the cooling tower taking with it a mass of water. the same energy extracted by air is removed from water thus lowering its temperature.
Evaporative cooling permits to lower the water temperature to lower than the ambient air dry bulb temperature.

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