In this video, we discuss corrective controls in cybersecurity as covered on the Information Systems and Controls ISC CPA Exam.
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Corrective controls are strategies and actions taken to address and rectify vulnerabilities exposed by security incidents, audits, or shifts in industry standards. Once these controls are implemented and functioning effectively, they often evolve into preventive or detective measures. Here's an explanation of each type of corrective control along with examples:

Reconfigurations: This involves altering the setup of applications or systems to eliminate vulnerabilities, thereby restoring secure operations and averting potential breaches. For example, adjusting firewall configurations to block unauthorized access attempts, modifying the security settings of an operating system to enhance protection, or changing user access rights to ensure that employees can only access data necessary for their roles.

Upgrades and Patches: Applying security patches or updating software and applications can improve system resilience, introduce new functionalities, and seal security gaps. An example includes installing a security patch to fix a known vulnerability in a web server software, which prevents hackers from exploiting that weakness to gain unauthorized access.

Revised Policies and Procedures: By regularly reviewing and updating organizational policies and procedures, companies can mitigate security risks without needing to resort to new technologies or system overhauls. For instance, revising data handling procedures to include encryption of sensitive information both at rest and in transit, thereby enhancing data security.

Updated Employee Training: Educating employees about cyber threats and proper responses can significantly reduce the risk of security incidents. An example here could be conducting training sessions on phishing attack recognition and response protocols, thus equipping employees with the knowledge to identify and avoid falling victim to such attacks.

Recovery and Continuity Plans: Developing and maintaining comprehensive plans for disaster recovery and business continuity ensures that a company can quickly recover from an incident and minimize operational downtime. For example, an organization might implement a disaster recovery plan that includes regular data backups and a protocol for switching to a secondary operational site in case the primary site becomes unusable due to a cyberattack or natural disaster.

Antivirus Software Removal of Malicious Viruses: Modern antivirus solutions are capable not just of detecting but also eliminating viruses, thus neutralizing threats to an organization's IT infrastructure. For instance, upon detecting a ransomware attempt, the antivirus software could automatically remove the malicious file before it encrypts any data, effectively preventing the attack.

Virus Quarantining: Isolating suspected or confirmed viruses from the rest of the network prevents them from causing further harm. An example of this might be an antivirus tool that automatically quarantines a suspicious email attachment, thereby stopping a potential malware spread through the company’s email system.






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