In this video, we discuss network based cybersecurity attacks as covered on the Information Systems and Controls ISC CPA exam.
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The methods by which cyber attacks are carried out can be classified into several distinct categories, each focusing on different aspects of digital and physical vulnerabilities. Here’s a breakdown and explanation of each:

Network-based Attacks: These attacks target the infrastructure and protocols of digital networks. Hackers exploit vulnerabilities in network devices (such as routers and switches) and protocols (the rules that govern network communication) to intercept, modify, or redirect data as it travels across the network. Examples include Denial of Service (DoS) attacks, Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attacks, and packet sniffing.

Host-based Attacks: These are directed at individual computers or devices. Attackers exploit vulnerabilities in operating systems, installed applications, or user configurations to gain unauthorized access, escalate privileges, or execute malicious code. Examples include malware infection, unauthorized access through exploitation of software vulnerabilities, and privilege escalation attacks.

Social Engineering Attacks: Unlike the technical nature of other attacks, social engineering exploits human psychology. Attackers deceive individuals into divulging confidential information, such as passwords or bank details, or tricking them into performing actions that compromise security, like opening a malicious email attachment. Phishing, pretexting, and baiting are common types of social engineering attacks.

Application-based Attacks: These attacks specifically target vulnerabilities in software applications. Attackers may exploit coding errors, design flaws, or configuration oversights to carry out actions such as stealing data, compromising systems, or disrupting service. Common examples include SQL injection, cross-site scripting (XSS), and buffer overflow attacks.

Physical Attacks: This category involves direct physical interaction with hardware. Attackers might gain physical access to servers, workstations, or network devices to tamper with, steal, or damage hardware components, potentially leading to data theft or system disruption. Examples include theft of devices for data extraction or physically damaging infrastructure to disrupt operations.

Supply Chain Attacks: These sophisticated attacks target less-secure elements in the supply chain of an organization. Attackers infiltrate a supplier or service provider and use that as a conduit to launch attacks against primary targets. This method has been used to compromise software distribution systems, thereby infecting all users of the compromised software. Notable examples include the SolarWinds attack, where malicious code was inserted into software updates, affecting thousands of customers.

Understanding these categories helps in developing targeted security measures to protect against a wide range of cyber threats.




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