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Chapters

0:00 Introduction
0:21 What is an Eyelid bump?
0:40 Types of Eyelid bump
1:25 Causes of Eyelid bump?
2:37 Symptoms of Eyelid bumps?
2:58 Treatment for Eyelid bumps




bacterial infection of an oil gland in the eyelid.[4] This results in a red tender bump at the edge of the eyelid.[1][5] The outside or the inside of the eyelid can be affected.[3]

The cause of a stye is usually a bacterial infection by Staphylococcus aureus.[3][6] The internal ones are due to infection of the meibomian gland while the external ones are due to an infection of the gland of Zeis.[5] A chalazion on the other hand is a blocked oil gland without infection.[4] A chalazion is typically in the middle of the eyelid and not painful.[5]

Often a stye will go away without any specific treatment in a few days or weeks.[3] Recommendations to speed improvement include warm compresses.[5] Occasionally antibiotic eye ointment may be recommended.[6] While these measures are often recommended, there is little evidence for use in internal styes.[3] The frequency at which styes occur is unclear, though they may occur at any age.[2]
Signs and symptoms
Stye of the upper eyelid
8-year-old boy with an external hordeolum of lower lid

The first sign of a stye is a small, yellowish spot at the center of the bump that develops as pus and expands in the area.[7]

Other stye symptoms may include:

A lump on the top or bottom eyelid
Localized swelling of the eyelid
Localized pain
Redness
Tenderness
Crusting of the eyelid margins
Burning in the eye
Droopiness of the eyelid
Scratchy sensation on the eyeball (itching)
Blurred vision
Mucous discharge in the eye
Irritation of the eye[8]
Light sensitivity
Tearing
Discomfort during blinking[9]
Sensation of a foreign body in the eye

Complications

Stye complications occur in very rare cases. However, the most frequent complication of styes is progression to a chalazion that causes cosmetic deformity, corneal irritation, and often requires surgical removal.[10] Complications may also arise from the improper surgical lancing, and mainly consist of disruption of lash growth, lid deformity or lid fistula. Large styes may interfere with one's vision.

Eyelid cellulitis is another potential complication of eye styes, which is a generalized infection of the eyelid. Progression of a stye to a systemic infection (spreading throughout the body) is extremely rare, and only a few instances of such spread have been recorded.[11]
Cause

A stye is caused by a bacterial infection. The bacteria are Staphylococcus aureus in about 95% of cases.[12] The infection leads to the blocking of an oil gland at the base of the eyelash. Styes are experienced by people of all ages. Styes can be triggered by poor nutrition, sleep deprivation, lack of hygiene, lack of water, and rubbing of the eyes. Styes can be secondary to blepharitis or a deficiency in immunoglobulin.[13]
Prevention

Stye prevention is closely related to proper hygiene. Proper hand washing can reduce the risks of developing not only styes, but also many other types of infections.

Upon awakening, application of a warm washcloth to the eyelids for one to two minutes may be beneficial in decreasing the occurrence of styes by liquefying the contents of the oil glands of the eyelid and thereby preventing blockage.[14]

To prevent styes, cosmetics and cosmetic eye tools should not be shared among people. Like with all infections, regular hand washing is essential, and the eyes should not be rubbed or touched with unclean hands. Contaminated eye makeup should be discarded and sharing of washcloths or face towels should be curtailed, to avoid spreading the infection between individuals.[15][16] Breaking the stye may spread bacteria contained in the pus and should be avoided.[17]
Treatment

Most cases of styes resolve on their own within one to two weeks, without professional care.[3] The primary treatment is application of warm compresses.[medical citation needed] As a part of self-care at home, people may cleanse the affected eyelid with tap water or with a mild, nonirritating soap or shampoo (such as baby shampoo) to help clean crusted discharge. Cleansing must be done gently and while the eyes are closed to prevent eye injuries.[18]

People with styes should avoid eye makeup (e.g., eyeliner), lotions, and wearing contact lenses, since these can aggravate and spread the infection (sometimes to the cornea).[19] People are advised not to lance the stye themselves, as serious infection can occur.[19] Pain relievers such as acetaminophen may be used.