Lesson on Graves’ Disease and Graves’ Ophthalmopathy: Signs and Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment. Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder caused by production of stimulatory autoantibodies to TSH receptors that lead to excessive production and release of thyroid hormones T4 and T3. High levels of T4 and T3 lead to HYPERthyroidism with characteristic HYPERthyroidism signs and symptoms including tachycardia, insomnia, anxiety and agitation, increased bowel movements and weight loss. Graves’ disease most often affects women in their 30s and 40s and is associated with other autoimmune disorders. Graves’ disease is associated with Graves’ opthalmopathy, an extra-ocular muscle disorder caused by autoattack on retro-orbital fibroblasts that leads to characteristic Graves’ signs and symptoms including proptosis, exophthalmos, and periorbital edema, and in significant cases, corneal abrasions and sight loss.

Treatment of Graves’ disease involves the use of thionamides, including methimazole and PTU, with methimazole being the first line choice of treatment due to significant side effects of PTU.

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JJ

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Check out some of my other lessons.

Medical Terminology - The Basics - Lesson 1:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=04Wh2E9oNug

Fatty Acid Synthesis Pathway:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WuQS_LpNMzo

Wnt/B Catenin Signaling Pathway:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NGVP4J9jpgs

Upper vs. Lower Motor Neuron Lesions:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=itNd74V53ng

Lesson on the Purine Synthesis and Salvage Pathway:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e2KFVvI8Akk

Gastrulation | Formation of Germ Layers:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d6Kkn0SECJ4

Introductory lesson on Autophagy (Macroautophagy):
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UmSVKzHc5yA

Infectious Disease Playlist
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLRjNoiRtdFwW0Bkc6c66uDACkzotaK26b

Dermatology Playlist
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLRjNoiRtdFwW3dgORRNmk_MZvnWpZx_lW

Pharmacology Playlist
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLRjNoiRtdFwWPWcV9lZTh-Qxv0gYakQXR

Hematology Playlist
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLRjNoiRtdFwW8Ajo1dmxdj4EYEKcbtGju

Rheumatology Playlist
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLRjNoiRtdFwWDvuhasXsuTFXJp05wwUle

Endocrinology Playlist
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLRjNoiRtdFwUuRSzhploohnaWVvbVZ7ZP

Nephrology Playlist
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLRjNoiRtdFwXRSwrFQK5WwWZLk1Las8v8

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**MEDICAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for educational purposes ONLY, and information presented here is not to be used as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal.

Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

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*Although I try my best to present accurate information, there may be mistakes in this video. If you do see any mistakes with information in this lesson, please comment and let me know.*

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JJ