Lesson on galactose absorption, metabolism via the Leloir pathway, and the medical condition known as galactosemia. Galactose is monosaccharide, which is typically ingested in the form of lactose (galactose + glucose) or free galactose in certain fruits and vegetables. Upon ingestion and digestion, the galactose is transported into an intestinal endothelial cell through SGLT1 and transported into the blood via GLUT2. Upon entry into a receiving cell, galactose is metabolized by the Leloir pathway to form glucose-6-phosphate, which can be rerouted and utilized in the glycolysis pathway to form ATP and pyruvate. If there are any congenital issues causing deficiency in one of three enzymes in the Leloir pathway, this can lead to dysfunctional galactose metabolism and subsequent high blood levels of galactose, leading to issues with red blood cell functioning and increasing risk of cataract formation.

Hey everyone! Here is an introductory lesson on galactose metabolism. In this lesson, we first discuss the dietary sources of galactose, how galactose is digested and how galactose is transported from the intestinal lumen into an intestinal endothelial cell and out into the bloodstream. We then discuss the enzymes involved in the Leloir pathway that lead to the metabolism of galactose into glucose-6-phosphate. Finally, we also discuss which enzymes are associated with the medical condition of galactosemia.

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**MEDICAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for educational purposes ONLY, and information presented here is not to be used as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal.

Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

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*Although I try my best to present accurate information, there may be mistakes in this video. If you do see any mistakes with information in this lesson, please comment and let me know.*

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JJ