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In this video I address the question of what causes IQ differences between people. This relates to the nature/nurture debate in considering the strength of genes and environment and these interact to shape intelligence. Twin and adoption studies allow us to assess these relationships and estimate the heritability of IQ. While heritability of IQ is generally estimated to be around .5, the Wilson Effect refers to the fact that heritability scores for IQ tend to increase throughout development. This snowballing effect of genes may relate to few extreme environments being included in most IQ research, the increasing freedom of people to seek out their own environments with age, and the possibility that different genes change their influence throughout development.

The Wilson Effect: https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/FF406CC4CF286D78AF72C9E7EF9B5E3F/S1832427413000546a.pdf/div-class-title-the-wilson-effect-the-increase-in-heritability-of-iq-with-age-div.pdf

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