Auditor must ask that, ‘what risks have been identified and formally accepted’ by the relevant interested parties including ‘customers and the board’ regarding ‘displaying’ the company’s name, logo, and other information details outside the premises, blatant overdose of visibility on social media, and profiles available for ‘public glare’.
Very often the auditee companies are not able to answer the ‘security elements’ taken into consideration while laying out the ‘reception and visitors’ sitting areas.
Unknowingly, Exposing to visitors as to ‘who all’ enters the premises, ‘when all’ they enter, ‘how do’ all employees, contractual manpower, service providers, courier person enter, ‘behave’, and exit, how log book entries are made, visitor application’ shortfalls etc. Allowing visitors to ‘Observe’ doors and locking mechanisms during reconnaissance helps ‘tailor the attack’ to the specific circumstances.
Having audited hundreds of organizations, and the gaps that exist in physical and environmental security, a ‘holistic perspective’ of physical security is drawn here.
Before updating a physical security system, it’s essential to understand the different roles technology and barriers play in the strategy.
This means putting in place a complete system with ‘strong physical security components’ to protect against the leading ‘threats to your organization’.
There are 4 major physical security components that need to be considered.
Number 1 is ‘Deterrence’… These are the physical security measures that keep ‘intruders out’ or ‘away’ from the space.
Deterrent security components can be a ‘physical barrier’, such as a ‘wall’, ‘door’, or ‘turnstile’. ‘Technology’ also falls into this category.
‘Access control systems’ and ‘video security cameras’ deter unauthorized individuals from attempting to access the building.
Number 2 is ‘Detection’… Just because you have deterrents in place, doesn’t mean you’re fully protected.
Detection components of your physical security system help identify a potential security event or intruder.
‘Sensors, alarms, and automatic notifications’ are few examples of physical security detection.
Number 3 is ‘Delay’… These are security systems that are designed to ‘slow intruders down’ as they attempt to enter a facility or building.
Access control, such as requiring a ‘key card or mobile credential’, is one method of delay.
Smart physical security strategies have ‘multiple ways to delay intruders’, which makes it easier to mitigate a breach before too much damage is caused.
Number 4 is ‘Response’… – These are the components that are in place once a ‘breach or intrusion occurs’.
Examples of physical security response include, ‘communication systems’, ‘building lockdowns’, and, ‘contacting emergency services or first responders’.
Together, these physical security components work to stop unwanted individuals from accessing spaces they shouldn’t, and notify the necessary teams to respond 'quickly'.
Common gaps found during the audit in physical security are on these ‘4 pillars’.
Your physical security plans must address ‘each of these components’, of 4 pillars.
When you are ‘auditing’ Administration department under which physical and environment security falls, Take a look at few of these physical security questions to see ‘assess’ how the ‘right policies’ can prevent common threats and vulnerabilities in your organization.
• How do you ‘restrict’ access to IT and server rooms, and anywhere ‘laptops or computers’ are left unattended?
• Highly ‘secured access credentials’ that are difficult to clone, ‘fully trackable’, and ‘unique’ to each individual is the ‘minimum’ expectation of physical security. Show ‘evidence’ of how do you ensure the same?
• How many areas in the campus are designated as ‘secure areas’ that meet the requirements of ‘clients’, ‘regulatory bodies’, and the ‘board’? Show evidence of ‘multi-factor authentication’ to unlock a door or access the ‘secure areas’ in the building.
• How do you ‘Structure permissions’ to employ ‘least-privilege access’ throughout the physical infrastructure? Show evidence of ‘privilege access matrix’, including evidence of ‘periodical reviews’ of ‘access matrix’.
• How do you ensure to ‘eliminate redundancies’ across teams and processes for ‘faster incident response’.
• Show evidence of ‘Integration’ of all building and security systems for a more complete view of ‘security and data trends’.
• What are the ‘high-level risks’ identified based on the department’s risk assessment and risk treatment? Show evidence of Setting up ‘automated security alerts’ to monitor and identify suspicious activity in real-time regarding the ‘high level risks’ in physical and environmental security.
These are the ‘most simple’ physical and environment security ‘tip of the iceberg’ ‘compliance questionnaires’ that need to be asked from the administration department during the 'audit'.

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